Substance P and mast cells: preliminary histologic analysis of the human temporomandibular joint.

PURPOSE Neuropeptide-containing nerves can serve as a mechanism for nervous system regulation of host defense responses. Because bacteria associated with reactive arthritis have been identified in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), this study investigates whether the presence of substance P (SP) neuropeptide-containing nerves and mast cells can be identified in the TMJ. MATERIAL AND METHODS Posterior bilaminar tissue removed during TMJ surgery from 9 women was evaluated for the presence of neuropeptide-containing nerves by staining with a monoclonal antibody to SP. Staining of the TMJ tissue sections with 0.5% toluidine blue was performed to identify the presence of mast cells. RESULTS SP-containing nerves and mast cells were identified within the posterior bilaminar tissue associated with the vasculature. CONCLUSIONS The presence of neuropeptide nerves and mast cells within the TMJ has been shown. Mast cell degranulation products and SP release can contribute to TMJ inflammation.